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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998;115:1007-1011
© 1998 Mosby, Inc.

GENERAL THORACIC SURGERY

Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in non-small-cell lungcancer: Prognostic significance in squamous cell carcinoma

From the Department of Surgery II, School of Medicine,University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.

Received for publication March 25, 1997. Revisions requested June 12, 1997. Revisions received Nov. 11, 1997. Accepted for publication Nov. 11, 1997. Address for reprints: Hideyuki Imoto, MD, Department of Surgery II,School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807, Japan.

Background: Recently, some studies havefocused on the tumor angiogenesis and its prognostic value. We studied theexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor, microvessel counts, and serumconcentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor to investigate theirassociation with clinicopathologic factors and prognosis in non-small-cell lungcancer.
Methods: The expression ofvascular endothelial growth factor was determined by an immunohistochemicalanalysis from 91 paraffin specimens of completely resected non-small-cell lungcancers using anti–growth factor polyclonal antibody. Microvessel stainingwas performed by immunohistochemical analysis with anti–factor VIII–relatedantigen polyclonal antibody. Measurement of the serum concentrations of vascularendothelial growth factor used the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assaytechnique.
Results: Expression of vascularendothelial growth factor was detected in 48 of the 91 tumors. The positiveratio was significantly higher in patients with adenocarcinoma than in thosewith squamous cell carcinoma. The microvessel counts were significantly higherin the patients with nodal metastasis than in those without nodal metastasis.The serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor were alsosignificantly higher in the patients with T3-4 disease than in those with T1-2disease. The microvessel counts were closely associated with expression ofvascular endothelial growth factor. The prognosis of patients with a positivegrowth factor ratio was significantly worse than that of the patients with anegative ratio (p = 0.002), especially insquamous cell carcinoma. According to a multivariate analysis, only nodal statusand expression of vascular endothelial growth factor were found to beindependent prognostic factors.
Conclusions:The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor was one of the mostimportant prognostic factors in completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer,especially in squamous cell carcinoma. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg1998;115:1007-14)

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