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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998;116:90-94
© 1998 Mosby, Inc.

Cardiothoracic Transplantation

Effect of soluble complement receptor type 1 on reperfusion edema and neutrophil migration after lung allotransplantation in swine

Supported by Swiss National Science Foundation grant 32-46004.95 and National Institutes of Health grant 1 R01 HL41281.

Presented at the Eighth Congress of the European Society of Organ Transplantation, Sept. 2-6, 1997, Budapest, Hungary.

Received for publication May 27, 1997. Revisions requested July 7, 1997; revisions received Jan. 27, 1998. Accepted for publication Jan. 28, 1998. Address for reprints: Ralph A. Schmid, MD, Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Rämistr. 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland.

Objective: Soluble complement receptor type 1 inhibits complement activation by blocking C3 and C5 convertases of the classical and alternative pathways. We evaluated the effect of soluble complement receptor type 1 on lung allograft reperfusion injury.
Methods: Left lung transplantation was performed in 13 weight-matched pigs (25 to 31 kg) after prolonged preservation (20 hours at 1° C). One hour after reperfusion the recipient contralateral right lung was excluded to assess graft function only. Complement activity and C3a levels were measured after reperfusion and at the end of the assessment. Extravascular lung water index, intrathoracic blood volume, and cardiac output were assessed during a 5-hour observation period. Gas exchange and hemodynamics were monitored. At the end of the 5-hour assessment period, myeloperoxidase assay and bronchoalveolar lavage were performed to assess neutrophil migration, and C5b-9 (membrane attack complex) deposits in the allograft were detected by immunohistochemistry. Two groups were studied. In group II (n = 6) recipient animals were treated with soluble complement receptor type 1 (15 mg/kg) 15 minutes before reperfusion. Group I (n = 7) served as the control group.
Results: Serum complement activity was completely inhibited in group II. In contrast to group I, C5b-9 complexes were not detected in group II allograft tissue samples. C3a was reduced to normal levels in group II (p = 0.00005). Extravascular lung water index was higher in group I animals throughout the assessment period (p = 0.035). No significant difference in allograft myeloperoxidase activity (p = 0.10) and polymorphonuclear leukocyte count of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (p = 0.057) was detected.
Conclusion: Inhibition of the complement system by soluble complement receptor type 1 blocks local complement activation in the allograft and reduces posttransplantation reperfusion edema but does not improve hemodynamic parameters.

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