JTCS Email Content Delivery
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Personal Folders
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Author home page(s):
Benjamin Medalion
Eugene H. Blackstone
Bruce W. Lytle
John H. Arnold
Delos M. Cosgrove
Right arrow Permission Requests
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Medalion, B.
Right arrow Articles by Cosgrove, D. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Medalion, B.
Right arrow Articles by Cosgrove, D. M.

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000;119:963-974
© 2000 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Surgery For Acquired Cardiovascular Disease

Aortic valve replacement: Is valve size important?

Benjamin Medalion, MDa, Eugene H. Blackstone, MDa,b, Bruce W. Lytle, MDa, Jennifer White, MSb, John H. Arnold, MDa, Delos M. Cosgrove, MDa

From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgerya and the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology,b The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.

Address for reprints: Bruce W. Lytle, MD, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 9500 Euclid Ave, Desk F25, Cleveland, OH 44195 (E-mail: lytleb{at}ccf.org ).

Objective: We sought to determine whether aortic prosthesis size adversely influences survival after aortic valve replacement.
Methods: A total of 892 adults receiving a mechanical (n = 346), pericardial (n = 463), or allograft (n = 83) valve for aortic stenosis were observed for up to 20 years (mean, 5.0 ± 3.9 years) after primary isolated aortic valve replacement. We used multivariable propensity scores to adjust for valve selection factors, multivariable hazard function analyses to identify risk factors for all-cause mortality, and bootstrap resampling to quantify the reliability of the results.
Results: Twenty-five percent of patients had indexed internal orifice areas of less than 1.5 cm2/m2 and more than 2 SDs (Z-value) below predicted normal aortic valve size. Mechanical valve orifices were smaller (1.3 ± 0.29 cm2/m2, Z = –2.2 ± 1.16) than pericardial (1.9 ± 0.36 cm2/m2, Z = –0.40 ± 1.01) or allograft valves (2.1 ± 0.50, Z = 0.24 ± 1.17). The overall survival was 98%, 96%, 86%, 69%, and 49% at 30 days and 1, 5, 10, and 15 years postoperatively. Univariably, survival was weakly and inversely related to manufacturer valve size (P = .16) and internal orifice diameter (P = .2) but completely unrelated to indexed valve area (P = .6) or Z-value (P = .8). These, and univariable differences among valve types (P = .004), were accounted for by different prevalences in patient risk factors and not by valve size or type per se. Bootstrap resampling indicated that these findings had a less than 15% chance of being incorrect.
Conclusions: Survival after aortic valve replacement is strongly related to patient risk factors but appears not to be adversely affected by moderate patient-prosthesis mismatch (down to about 4 SDs below normal). Aortic root enlargement to accommodate a large prosthesis may be required in few situations.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
M. Vicchio, A. Della Corte, L. S. De Santo, M. De Feo, G. Caianiello, M. Scardone, and M. Cotrufo
Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch in the Elderly: Survival, Ventricular Mass Regression, and Quality of Life.
Ann. Thorac. Surg., December 1, 2008; 86(6): 1791 - 1797.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
P. Narayan, B. C. Reeves, S. I.A. Rizvi, K. Shokrollahi, H. Ismail, G. D. Angelini, A. Nightingale, and M. Caputo
Hemodynamic Evaluation and Midterm Outcome of Aortic Valve Replacement With Size 19 Perimount Prosthetic Valve.
Ann. Thorac. Surg., December 1, 2008; 86(6): 1799 - 1803.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
J Mascherbauer, R Rosenhek, C Fuchs, E Pernicka, U Klaar, C Scholten, M Heger, G Wollenek, G Maurer, and H Baumgartner
Moderate patient-prosthesis mismatch after valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis has no impact on short-term and long-term mortality
Heart, December 1, 2008; 94(12): 1639 - 1645.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
E. C. Waisbren, L.-M. Stevens, E. G. Avery, M. H. Picard, G. J. Vlahakes, and A. K. Agnihotri
Changes in mitral regurgitation after replacement of the stenotic aortic valve.
Ann. Thorac. Surg., July 1, 2008; 86(1): 56 - 62.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Asian Cardiovasc. Thorac. Ann.Home page
G. Casali, G. Luzi, M. Vicchio, P. Lilla della Monica, G. Minardi, and F. Musumeci
Echocardiographic Follow-Up after Implanting 17-mm Regent Mechanical Prostheses
Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann, June 1, 2008; 16(3): 208 - 211.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
T. Mihaljevic, E. R. Nowicki, J. Rajeswaran, E. H. Blackstone, L. Lagazzi, J. Thomas, B. W. Lytle, and D. M. Cosgrove
Survival after valve replacement for aortic stenosis: Implications for decision making.
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., June 1, 2008; 135(6): 1270 - 1279.e12.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
S. Kohsaka, S. Mohan, S. Virani, V.-V. Lee, A. Contreras, G. J. Reul, and S. A. Coulter
Prosthesis-patient mismatch affects long-term survival after mechanical valve replacement.
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., May 1, 2008; 135(5): 1076 - 1080.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
S Bleiziffer, W B Eichinger, I Hettich, D Ruzicka, M Wottke, R Bauernschmitt, and R Lange
Impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch on exercise capacity in patients after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement
Heart, May 1, 2008; 94(5): 637 - 641.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
K. Yoshikawa, S. Fukunaga, K. Arinaga, H. Hori, E. Nakamura, T. Ueda, E. Tayama, and S. Aoyagi
Long-Term Results of Aortic Valve Replacement With a Small St. Jude Medical Valve in Japanese Patients
Ann. Thorac. Surg., April 1, 2008; 85(4): 1303 - 1308.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
V. Rao
Invited Commentary
Ann. Thorac. Surg., April 1, 2008; 85(4): 1317 - 1318.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Card Surg AdultHome page
N. D. Desai and G. T. Christakis
Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement: Stented Pericardial and Porcine Valves
Card. Surg. Adult, January 1, 2008; 3(2008): 857 - 894.
[Full Text]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
B. A. Youdelman, H. Hirose, H. Jain, J. Y. Kresh, J. W.C. Entwistle III, and A. S. Wechsler
Comparison of eight prosthetic aortic valves in a cadaver model.
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., December 1, 2007; 134(6): 1526 - 1532.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.Home page
K. Taniguchi, T. Takahashi, K. Toda, H. Matsue, Y. Shudo, H. Shintani, M. Mitsuno, and Y. Sawa
Left ventricular mass: impact on left ventricular contractile function and its reversibility in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., October 1, 2007; 32(4): 588 - 595.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
J. Dhareshwar, T. M. Sundt III, J. A. Dearani, H. V. Schaff, D. J. Cook, and T. A. Orszulak
Aortic root enlargement: What are the operative risks?
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., October 1, 2007; 134(4): 916 - 924.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ICVTSHome page
R. Garcia Fuster, V. Estevez, I. Rodriguez, S. Canovas, O. Gil, F. Hornero, and J. Martinez-Leon
Prosthesis patient mismatch with latest generation supra-annular prostheses. The beginning of the end?
Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery, August 1, 2007; 6(4): 462 - 469.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
F. B. Vanky, E. Hakanson, and R. Svedjeholm
Long-Term Consequences of Postoperative Heart Failure After Surgery for Aortic Stenosis Compared With Coronary Surgery
Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 2007; 83(6): 2036 - 2043.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
P. Pibarot and J. G. Dumesnil
Prosthesis-patient mismatch in the mitral position: Old concept, new evidences
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., June 1, 2007; 133(6): 1405 - 1408.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
S. Bleiziffer, W. B Eichinger, I. Hettich, R. Guenzinger, D. Ruzicka, R. Bauernschmitt, and R. Lange
Prediction of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch prior to aortic valve replacement: which is the best method?
Heart, May 1, 2007; 93(5): 615 - 620.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
C. R. Bridges, S. M. O'Brien, J. C. Cleveland, E. B. Savage, J. S. Gammie, F. H. Edwards, E. D. Peterson, and F. L. Grover
Association between indices of prosthesis internal orifice size and operative mortality after isolated aortic valve replacement
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., April 1, 2007; 133(4): 1012 - 1021.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.Home page
T. Bove, Y. Van Belleghem, K. Francois, F. Caes, H. Van Overbeke, and G. Van Nooten
Stentless and stented aortic valve replacement in elderly patients: factors affecting midterm clinical and hemodynamical outcome
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., November 1, 2006; 30(5): 706 - 713.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
P Pibarot and J G Dumesnil
Prosthesis-patient mismatch: definition, clinical impact, and prevention
Heart, August 1, 2006; 92(8): 1022 - 1029.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.Home page
T. Walther, A. Rastan, V. Falk, S. Lehmann, J. Garbade, A. K. Funkat, F. W. Mohr, and J. F. Gummert
Patient prosthesis mismatch affects short- and long-term outcomes after aortic valve replacement.
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., July 1, 2006; 30(1): 15 - 19.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
J. G. Dumesnil and P. Pibarot
Prosthesis-patient mismatch and clinical outcomes: The evidence continues to accumulate
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., May 1, 2006; 131(5): 952 - 955.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
M. Ruel, H. Al-Faleh, A. Kulik, K. L. Chan, T. G. Mesana, and I. G. Burwash
Prosthesis-patient mismatch after aortic valve replacement predominantly affects patients with preexisting left ventricular dysfunction: Effect on survival, freedom from heart failure, and left ventricular mass regression
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., May 1, 2006; 131(5): 1036 - 1044.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
F. B. Vanky, E. Hakanson, E. Tamas, and R. Svedjeholm
Risk Factors for Postoperative Heart Failure in Patients Operated on for Aortic Stenosis
Ann. Thorac. Surg., April 1, 2006; 81(4): 1297 - 1304.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
D. P. Taggart
Prosthesis patient mismatch in aortic valve replacement: possible but pertinent?
Eur. Heart J., March 2, 2006; 27(6): 644 - 646.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
M. R. Moon, M. K. Pasque, N. A. Munfakh, S. J. Melby, J. S. Lawton, N. Moazami, J. E. Codd, T. D. Crabtree, H. B. Barner, and R. J. Damiano Jr
Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch After Aortic Valve Replacement: Impact of Age and Body Size on Late Survival
Ann. Thorac. Surg., February 1, 2006; 81(2): 481 - 489.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.Home page
A. Roscitano, U. Benedetto, A. Sciangula, E. Merico, F. Barberi, R. Bianchini, E. Tonelli, and R. Sinatra
Indexed effective orifice area after mechanical aortic valve replacement does not affect left ventricular mass regression in elderly
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., February 1, 2006; 29(2): 139 - 143.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
G. Tasca, Z. Mhagna, S. Perotti, P. B. Centurini, T. Sabatini, A. Amaducci, F. Brunelli, M. Cirillo, M. D. Tomba, E. Quiani, et al.
Impact of Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch on Cardiac Events and Midterm Mortality After Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Pure Aortic Stenosis
Circulation, January 31, 2006; 113(4): 570 - 576.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
D. Mohty-Echahidi, J. F. Malouf, S. E. Girard, H. V. Schaff, D. E. Grill, M. E. Enriquez-Sarano, and F. A. Miller Jr
Impact of Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch on Long-Term Survival in Patients With Small St Jude Medical Mechanical Prostheses in the Aortic Position
Circulation, January 24, 2006; 113(3): 420 - 426.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 MMCTSHome page
M. Turina
Supra-annular aortic valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis
MMCTS, November 29, 2005; 2005(1129): 646.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
C. G. Koch, F. Khandwala, F. G. Estafanous, F. D. Loop, and E. H. Blackstone
Impact of Prosthesis-Patient Size on Functional Recovery After Aortic Valve Replacement
Circulation, June 21, 2005; 111(24): 3221 - 3229.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.Home page
K. Imanaka, O. Kohmoto, S. Nishimura, Y. Yokote, and S. Kyo
Impact of postoperative blood pressure control on regression of left ventricular mass following valve replacement for aortic stenosis
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., June 1, 2005; 27(6): 994 - 999.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
A. Penta de Peppo, J. Zeitani, P. Nardi, G. Iaci, P. Polisca, R. De Paulis, and L. Chiariello
Small "Functional" Size after Mechanical Aortic Valve Replacement: No Risk in Young to Middle-Age Patients
Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 2005; 79(6): 1915 - 1920.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.Home page
R.-U. Kuehnel, R. Puchner, A. Pohl, M. O. Wendt, M. Hartrumpf, M. Pohl, and J. M. Albes
Characteristic resistance curves of aortic valve substitutes facilitate individualized decision for a particular type
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., March 1, 2005; 27(3): 450 - 455.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
C. Amarelli, A. Della Corte, G. Romano, G. Iasevoli, G. Dialetto, L. S. De Santo, M. De Feo, M. Torella, M. Scardone, and M. Cotrufo
Left ventricular mass regression after aortic valve replacement with 17-mm St Jude Medical mechanical prostheses in isolated aortic stenosis
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., March 1, 2005; 129(3): 512 - 517.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
T. Bottio, L. Caprili, D. Casarotto, and G. Gerosa
Small aortic annulus: The hydrodynamic performances of 5 commercially available bileaflet mechanical valves
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., September 1, 2004; 128(3): 457 - 462.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
T. Bottio, G. Rizzoli, G. Thiene, G. Nesseris, D. Casarotto, and G. Gerosa
Hemodynamic and clinical outcomes with the Biocor valve in the aortic position: An 8-year experience
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., June 1, 2004; 127(6): 1616 - 1623.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
M. Ruel, F. D. Rubens, R. G. Masters, A. L. Pipe, P. Bedard, P. J. Hendry, B. K. Lam, I. G. Burwash, W. G. Goldstein, M. P. Brais, et al.
Late incidence and predictors of persistent or recurrent heart failure in patients with aortic prosthetic valves
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., January 1, 2004; 127(1): 149 - 159.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
D. S. Bach
Choice of prosthetic heart valves:update for the next generation
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 19, 2003; 42(10): 1717 - 1719.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
J. M. Albes, M. Hartrumpf, V. Rudolph, T. Krempl, E. Huttemann, R. Vollandt, and T. Wahlers
Are mechanical valves with enhanced inner diameter advantageous in the small sized aortic annulus?
Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 2003; 76(5): 1564 - 1570.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
E. H. Blackstone, D. M. Cosgrove, W.R. E. Jamieson, N. J. Birkmeyer, J. H. Lemmer Jr, D. C. Miller, E. G. Butchart, G. Rizzoli, M. Yacoub, and A. Chai
Prosthesis size and long-term survival after aortic valve replacement
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., September 1, 2003; 126(3): 783 - 793.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
C. Blais, J. G. Dumesnil, R. Baillot, S. Simard, D. Doyle, and P. Pibarot
Impact of Valve Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch on Short-Term Mortality After Aortic Valve Replacement
Circulation, August 26, 2003; 108(8): 983 - 988.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
A. M. Gillinov, E. H. Blackstone, and L. L. Rodriguez
Prosthesis-patient size: measurement and clinical implications
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., August 1, 2003; 126(2): 313 - 316.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
S. H. Rahimtoola
Choice of prosthetic heart valve for adult patients
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 19, 2003; 41(6): 893 - 904.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Card Surg AdultHome page
N. D. Desai and G. T. Christakis
Stented Mechanical/Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement
Card. Surg. Adult, January 1, 2003; 2(2003): 825 - 856.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
S. Bevilacqua, J. Gianetti, A. Ripoli, U. Paradossi, A. Giuseppe Cerillo, M. Glauber, M. L. Sacha Matteucci, M. Senni, A. Gamba, E. Quaini, et al.
Aortic valve disease with severe ventricular dysfunction: stentless valve for better recovery
Ann. Thorac. Surg., December 1, 2002; 74(6): 2016 - 2021.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
D. H. Freed, J. W. Tam, M. C. Moon, G. E.J. Harding, E. Ahmad, and E. A. Pascoe
Nineteen-millimeter prosthetic aortic valves allow normalization of left ventricular mass in elderly women
Ann. Thorac. Surg., December 1, 2002; 74(6): 2022 - 2025.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
A. L. Estrera, C. C. Miller III, T. T.T. Huynh, E. E. Porat, and H. J. Safi
Replacement of the ascending and transverse aortic arch: determinants of long-term survival
Ann. Thorac. Surg., October 1, 2002; 74(4): 1058 - 1065.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
H. Niinami, S. Aomi, H. Tomioka, K. Nakano, and H. Koyanagi
A comparison of the in vivo performance of the 19-mm St. Jude medical hemodynamic plus and 21-mm standard valve
Ann. Thorac. Surg., October 1, 2002; 74(4): 1120 - 1124.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
L. J. Castro, J. M. Arcidi Jr, A. L. Fisher, and V. A. Gaudiani
Routine enlargement of the small aortic root: a preventive strategy to minimize mismatch
Ann. Thorac. Surg., July 1, 2002; 74(1): 31 - 36.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.Home page
X. Y. Jin and J. R. Pepper
Do stentless valves make a difference?
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., July 1, 2002; 22(1): 95 - 100.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
N. Hanayama, G. T. Christakis, H. R. Mallidi, C. D. Joyner, S. E. Fremes, C. D. Morgan, P. R.R. Mitoff, and B. S. Goldman
Patient prosthesis mismatch is rare after aortic valve replacement: valve size may be irrelevant
Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 2002; 73(6): 1822 - 1829.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
P. P. Urbanski
Complete aortic root replacement in patients with small aortic annulus
Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 2002; 73(3): 725 - 728.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart J SupplHome page
J. Babin-Ebell, C. Schuster, O. Elert, R. Bergemann, D. Horstkotte, and GELIA Study Group
Influence of valve size on morbidity and mortality for patients with mechanical valve replacements (GELIA 8)
Eur. Heart J. Suppl., December 1, 2001; 3(suppl_Q): Q73 - Q77.
[Abstract] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
ANN THORAC SURG ASIAN CARDIOVASC THORAC ANN EUR J CARDIOTHORAC SURG
J THORAC CARDIOVASC SURG ICVTS ALL CTSNet JOURNALS
Copyright © 2000 by The American Association for Thoracic Surgery.